Paraquat 250
1 Trade nameManufacturerForm
4FARMERS PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDE4 FARMERS PTY LTDSL
BIOTIS PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDEBIOTIS LIFE SCIENCE PTY LTDSL
CHEMAG PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDEIMTRADE AUSTRALIA PTY LTDAC
CHOICE PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDEGROW CHOICE PTY LIMITEDSL
CONQUEST EXPLODE 250 HERBICIDECONQUEST AGROCHEMICALS PTY LTDSL
COUNTRY PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDEACCENSI PTY LTDSC
DUPONT BOA HERBICIDEDU PONT (AUSTRALIA) LTDSL
FARMCOCHEM PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDEFARMCOCHEM SDN BHDSL
FARMOZ SPRAYTOP 250 SL HERBICIDEFARMOZ PTY LIMITEDSL
FARMOZ SPRAYTOP HERBICIDEFARMOZ PTY LIMITEDSL
FORWARD PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDEFORWARD AUSTRALIA PTY LTDSC
GRAMOXONE 250 HERBICIDESYNGENTA CROP PROTECTION PTY LIMITEDSL
HALLEY PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDEHALLEY INTERNATIONAL ENTERPRISE (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTDAC
INFERNO HERBICIDESIPCAM PACIFIC AUSTRALIA PTY LTDSC
KENDON SPRAYQUAT 250 HERBICIDEKENDON CHEMICALS & MNFG CO PTY LTDLD
KENSO AGCARE PARA-KEN 250 HERBICIDEKENSO CORPORATION (M) SDN BHDSL
NUFARM NUQUAT 250 NON-RESIDUAL KNOCKDOWN HERBICIDENUFARM AUSTRALIA LIMITEDSL
RYGEL PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDERYGEL AUSTRALIA PTY LTDSC
SHIRQUAT 250 HERBICIDECROP CARE AUSTRALASIA PTY LTDSL
SINMOSA 250 HERBICIDESINON AUSTRALIA PTY LIMITEDSL
SUMMIT PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDESUMMIT AGRO AUSTRALIA PTY LTDAC
TITAN PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDETITAN AG PTY LTDSL
TRADELANDS PARAQUAT 250 SL HERBICIDETRADELANDS PTY LTDSL
UNIQUAT 250 HERBICIDEUNITED PHOSPHORUS LTDEC
UNITED FARMERS PARAQUAT 250 HERBICIDEUNITED FARMERS CO-OPERATIVE COMPANY LTDSL



Rates quoted in HerbiGuide are for the 250 g paraquat/L formulation. Some formulations are 200 g paraquat/L. For these products increase the rate by 25%. For example 1000 mL of paraquat 250 is equivalent to 1250 mL of paraquat 200.

2 PRICE:

$7.3/L

3 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: Paraquat 200-250 g/L.

4 CHEMICAL GROUP: L.

5 RELATED HERBICIDES:

Diquat, Spray.Seed.

6 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:

A post emergence, contact herbicide.

7 APPLICATION METHODS AND TIPS:

10 WATER QUALITY:

Hard water - There may be a slight loss of activity due to ionic bonding in very hard water.

Colloids - Significant loss of activity as the amount of clay in the water increases. If it is difficult to see a coin on the bottom of a 10 litre bucket full of water then the water should be cleared or an alternate source found.

pH -Acidic water is usually OK. Highly alkaline water may cause loss of efficacy.

11 COMPATIBILITY:

Trace elements.

Zinc sulphate and copper sulphate are antagonistic with paraquat. This is caused by ionic reactions and results in a significant loss of efficacy. Manganese sulphate and calcium carbonate (lime) have lesser effects.

12 EQUIPMENT:

14 HERBICIDE RESISTANCE:

18 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:

19 SOIL:

20 MODE OF ACTION:

Uptake and translocation:

Physiological effects:

Residual Life and Breakdown:

Selectivity:

23 PLANT SYMPTOMS:

SECONDARY EFFECTS:

24 TOXICITY:

Summary:

Details:

Poison schedule - S7

Mammalian toxicity -

Acute oral LD50 - mg/kg (rats), [For comparison table salt is 3000 mg/kg]

Acute dermal LD50 - > mg/kg (rabbit).

Skin -

Eye -

Vapour inhalation - LC50 - > mg/L air (rat).

Chronic oral toxicity NOEL - mg/kg for two years.

Not carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic (i.e. does not cause cancer or reproductive problems).

Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) -

Other Species -

Birds - toxicity.

Fish - Low toxicity LC50 > 32,000 mg/L.

Invertebrates - toxicity.

Bees - toxicity.

25 TOXICITY SYMPTOMS:

26 FIRST AID:

If SWALLOWED -

If in EYES - Irrigate with plenty of water.

If on SKIN - Rinse with plenty of water, remove contaminated clothing, wash with soap and water.

If INHALED - Remove patient to fresh air. See a doctor.

Advice to doctor - Treat symptomatically.


27 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE:

Half life in soil - >1000 days. Inactivated very quickly in soil by strong adsorption.

Half life in water - <1 days when it attaches to sediments in water. 13-161 days in clean water.

It has an EPA classification for soil mobility that ranges from

Ground water contamination - Does not leach. High likelihood of surface runoff due to attachment to soil particles.

Accumulation in milk and tissues.

pH stability - Stable

Photolysis rate - 140 days. Slow.

Hydrolysis half life -

Biodegradation rate - Rapid in soils when unadsorbed - < 7days. Negligible after adsorption.

28 REGISTERED CROPS:

See HerbiGuide.

29 REGISTERED WEEDS:

See HerbiGuide.

30 REGULATION AND LEGAL:

UN number -

Dangerous goods class -

Hazchem code -

Proper shipping name -

Packaging group -

EPG -

31 PROPERTIES:

Water solubility at 25 C. - 620,000 mg/L. High.

Oil solubility -

Octanol:Water ratio at 25 C LogPow. - at pH 5;

Soil organic carbon absorption coefficient (Koc) - 1,000,000 mL/g. >100,000 on cation exchange. Very Strong.

Vapour Pressure at 25 C. - <7.5 x 10-8 mm Hg. Non volatile.

Dissociation constant - pKa

Melting point - C.

Boiling point - C.

Molecular weight -

Colour -

Odour -

Bulk density -

Specific gravity -

pH -

Flammability -

33 REFERENCES:

4.Poison Schedule : 7
8.Dangerous Goods Class : 6.1(b), Packaging Group III.
9.Shelf Life : 24 months +.
(When stored under ideal conditions- refer Page 4)
10.Mixtures Compatibility :
Atradex (atrazine) MCPA amine*

Avadex BW (tri-allate) Reglone (diquat)

Banvel 200 (dicamba) Simatox (simazine)

Banvel M (dicamba + MCPA) Spray.Seed (paraquat + diquat)

Diurex (diuron) Treflan (trifluralin)

Glean (chlorsulfuron) Yield (trifluralin + oryzalin)

*no more than 1 L/ 1 L Gramoxone
12.Effect of Soil Texture on Herbicide : None.
13.Effect of Soil pH on Herbicide : None.
14.Effect of Soil Organic Matter on Herbicide : None.
15.Mode of Action : Contact, Post-emergent.
17.Rate Variations : L/ha.
18.Rates Selection : Higher rate
19.Crop Damage (Crop Tolerance) : Growth stages definition - weed height.
20.Effect on Crop : Not applicable.
21.Effect on Clover Species : See details as part of pasture manipulation strategies.
22.Soil Moisture at Application :
DRY - No problem.

MOIST - No problem.

WATERLOGGED - No problem.
23.Frost Effects : Preceding application if plant growth slowed or plants damaged then reduced activity. During application should stop application to assess weed status. More than 1 to 2 hours after application no problems.
24.Frost Free Days Required After Application : 1 - 2 days.
25.Effect of Application Water Quality on Herbicide :
Saline Water - Nil if water is free from clay particles.

Soil Colloids - Can affect application, normally not a problem. Paraquat is absorbed onto clay particles, reducing the amount available to control weeds.
26.Recommended Water Volume : 100 - 200 L/ha depending on weed height.
27.Nozzle Type : 110o flat fan, double overlap.
28.Recommended Nozzle Pressure : 200 - 300 kPa (28.6 - 43.5 psi).
29.Recommended Filter Sizes : 50, 80 or 100 mesh.
30.Recommended Wetter : When product rates fall below 500 ml/100 L spray, add 600 mL Agral 600 or 60 mL BS 1000 /100 L spray mix. Do not use alkaline or anionic wetting agents.
32.Rain Fastness : 1 hour, light rain following application will not affect results.
33.Time Interval Before Effect is Noticed : 1 - 3 days.
35.Effect of Herbicide/Disease Interaction on Crop : Not normally a problem.
36.Withholding Period : 1 day grazing animals or cutting for stock feed, 7 days horses.
37.Plant-Back Period : None.
38.Spray Tank Clean-Up : Wash thoroughly with clean water. This product is highly corrosive to metals, particularly galvanised iron and aluminium and should not be left for long periods in tanks or equipment made of these materials.
39.Other Comments : Weeds must be free from dust on leaves as paraquat is deactivated on contact with soil. Also leaves of weeds should not be wet from rain or heavy dew. In such cases delay spraying until leaves dry. Increased plant uptake occurs when this herbicide is applied in the morning and evening. Thorough spray coverage is essential to ensure good weed control.
Numbered data from "Crop Herbicide Information"

courtesy of A.J. Chambers, Vic. Dept of Food & Agric.

Acknowledgments:

Collated by HerbiGuide. For more information see www.herbiguide.com.au or phone 08 98444064.