Previously sold as Graypon, NuPon, Dowpon or Dalapon.
2 PRICE:
$11.52
/kg
3 ACTIVE INGREDIENTS: 2,2-DPA (Dalapon) 740 g/Kg
4 CHEMICAL GROUP: J.
5 RELATED HERBICIDES:
TCA
6 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:
2,2-DPA or Dalapon (2,2 dichloropropionic acid) is a chlorinated aliphatic herbicide. It has action on a wide range of species and in particular the grasses and monocots. At high rates it is a total herbicide, however at lower rates it can be used on a number of crops.
7 APPLICATION METHODS AND TIPS:
Adequate N status is required for reliable control of weeds.
If rapid leaf death occurs then the rates of application are too high to achieve good translocation and split applications at lower rates should be used.
Apply in the morning on a humid, warm, sunny day if possible.
Wetting agents usually improve control.
8 WEATHER:
Rainfast in 1 hour for post emergence applications.
Frost effects:
Wind:
Inversions:
Temperature:
Delta T and relative humidity: Avoid application when Delta T is greater than
Soil moisture at application: Best results in moist soil when rain follows application to incorporate herbicide.
9 ADJUVANTS:
Wetting agents:
Spray oils:
10 WATER QUALITY:
Hard water
Colloids
pH
11 COMPATIBILITY:
2,4-D probably reduces root uptake.
Trace elements.
12 EQUIPMENT:
Boom sprays:
Carrier volume: 20 to 1000 L water/ha.
Nozzles: Flat fan.
Pressure: 150-400 kPa.
13 SPRAYER DECONTAMINATION:
Clean Up:
Remove filters and clean separately. Tripple rinse with water or water plus 0.25% wetting agent and run through boom.
Decontamination:
Remove filters and nozzles and clean separately.
Rinse with water and drain.
Quarter fill the tank with an alkali detergent (eg 500 mL or g of Drive, Dynamo, Omo, or Surf per 100 L water) and circulate for at least 15 minutes then run through boom. Rinse twice with water.
Rinse nozzles and filters in water and replace.
14 HERBICIDE RESISTANCE:
Various ecotypes of some grasses have partial tolerance.
15 REPLANTING INTERVALS:
Crop
Time
16 WITHHOLDING PERIODS:
Crop
Type
Time
All
Grazing
All
Harvest
17 RE-ENTRY PERIOD:
Wear protective clothing if in contact with the crop before the spray has dried.
18 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING:
No special requirements.
19 SOIL:
20 MODE OF ACTION:
Inhibits fat synthesis. Stops cell division. Reduces wax production by leaves. Affects carbohydrate, lipid and nitrogen metabolism.
Uptake and translocation:
Leaf and root absorbed.
Phloem translocated with the photosynthate and xylem translocated with water.
Actively and passively absorbed by leaves. Active absorption requires light. Young growth absorbs more herbicide than old growth.
Physiological effects:
Growth is stimulated at low rates and reduced at high rates. Root growth is more sensitive than shoot growth.
It is relatively stable in plants and moves around within the plant until death or recovery.
Residual Life and Breakdown:
Selectivity:
Grasses are generally more sensitive than broadleaf plants.
21 SELECTIVITY:
Crop tolerance:
Varietal sensitivities:
Effect on Clover Species:
Tolerates low rates.
Effect on Medic Species:
Tolerant.
Effect on Lucerne:
Tolerant.
Effect on Native Plants:
Many established native plants will tolerate rates up to 10 kg/ha.
22 DISEASE AND INSECT EFFECTS:
23 PLANT SYMPTOMS:
Reduction in growth, leaf yellowing, distorted new growth, increased tillering in grasses, shortening of internodes, leaf death and plant death.
SECONDARY EFFECTS:
24 TOXICITY:
Summary:
Oral Toxicity (ingestion by mouth)-
Dermal Toxicity (absorption by skin) -
Other Species -
Details:
Mammalian toxicity - Very low toxicity.
Acute oral LD50 - 7570-9330 mg/kg, [For comparison table salt is 3000 mg/kg]
Acute dermal LD50 - > mg/kg (rabbit).
Skin -
Eye -
Vapour inhalation - LC50 - > mg/L air (rat).
Chronic oral toxicity NOEL - ppm for two years.
Not mutagenic or teratogenic (i.e. does not cause cancer or reproductive problems).
Birds - toxicity.
Fish - toxicity LC50 > ppm.
Invertebrates - toxicity.
Bees - toxicity.
25 TOXICITY SYMPTOMS:
None.
26 FIRST AID:
27 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE:
Very stable in plants and animals but is rapidly degraded in soil. Dalapon may carryover in the seed of treated plants.
Half life in soil: It has a half life in soil of weeks to months.
Half life in water: days at pH5 and 35 C.
It has an EPA classification for soil mobility that ranges from
Ground water contamination
Accumulation in milk and tissues.
pH stability:
Photolysis rate:
Hydrolysis half life:
Biodegradation rate:
28 REGISTERED CROPS:
See HerbiGuide Species Solution tab.
29 REGISTERED WEEDS:
See HerbiGuide Species Solution tab.
31 PROPERTIES:
Sodium salt form.
Colour: Cream to beige powder
Odour: Slight
Form: Soluble powder
Empirical formula:
Water solubility at 25 C. - 50.2 x 104 ppm at pH 7. Very soluble;
Oil solubility:
Octanol:Water ratio: LogPow = at 25 C at pH 5;
Soil organic carbon absorption coefficient (Koc):
Vapour Pressure: at 25 C.
Dissociation constant: pKa
Melting point - Decomposes at 166.50C.
Boiling point: C.
Molecular weight - 165.
Bulk density:
Specific gravity:
pH:
Flammability:
Flashpoint: C.
Autoignition: C.
Corrosivity:
Shelf Life: 10 years.
(When Stored under Ideal Conditions)
32 SPILLS:
Sweep up powder and avoid breathing dust.
Absorb spill with earth, sand, clay or absorbent material if already mixed with water.
33 FIRE:
Non flammable. Extinguish fire with water spray, foam, carbon dioxide or dry agent.
Toxic fumes may be released in fire or extreme heat. Wear breathing apparatus or avoid smoke especially in confined spaces.
34 COMMENTS:
35 REFERENCES:
Ashton, F.M. and Crafts, A.S. (1981) Mode of Action of Herbicides. (Wiley-Interscience publication).
Kearney, P.C. and Kaufman, D.D. (1976). Herbicides. Chemistry, degradation and mode of action. Vol 1 & 2.
Acknowledgments:
Collated by HerbiGuide. For more information see www.herbiguide.com.au or phone 08 98444064.